Shift the numbers down...

136 = 2 * 56 + 24  ...  56 = __ * 24 + __  ...  The most times 24 goes into 56?  56 / 24  is approximately 2.3

 

56 = 2 * 24 + 8  ...  Remainder  56 - 2 x 24 = ?
 

Shift the numbers down...

56 = 2 * 24 + 8  ...  24 = 3 * 8 + 0